Balangir, also known as Bolangir,  is a city and municipality in Balangir district in the state of Orissa, India.

Bolangir has a rich cultural heritage. Though economically not very well off, it has a great potential for development . The more famous among them include Harishankar, and the Samaleshwari Temple located in the Balangir town is also very famous. Bolangir is at the centre of the "separate Kosal state movememnt". The chief of "Kosali Ekata Manch" and the chief of "Kosal Kranti Dal" (KKD), a reginal political party with very few followers, are from this town. These two are leading the separate Kosal state movement. "Bolangir Bar Association" is agitating for a branch of the Orissa High Court" at Bolangir.

Population/area/business wise Balangir town is the second largest town in Western Orissa after Sambalpur. It is also known as the cultural hub of Western Orissa. Balangir Town has many cultural groups who are trying hard to preserve the dying down Kosali Folk arts & dance. Kosali/Sambalpuri is the language spoken & used by the people of Balangir.Balangir Municipality is divided into twenty one Wards. Each ward consists of two three Units or sub-areas called "Pada" or "Para". Balangir town has nearly forty "Pada's". Some of the largest "Pada's" of Balangir town are Rugudi Pada, Sud Pada, Maal Pada, Tikra Pada, Radharani Pada, Sagar Pada, Talpali Pada, Jagannath Pada,Thikadar Pada, Palaceline, Gandhinagar Pada, Shantinagar Pada, Barpali Pada, Tulsinagar Pada, Kansari Pada, Teligoth Pada,Radharani rara,Club para,Khadal para,Rameshwar nagar,Ranjendra para, A.B.S.S. road etc..